Suitability of land and climate for the cultivation of potted chrysanthemum same location suitability (agroclimatic) chrysanthemum cut, so that following exposure to explain to more specific aspects of pot chrysanthemum cultivation as follows.
Planting media. Special considerations in determining the planting medium is easily available, relatively cheap price, light weight and must have physical properties and chemical that can support root growth and nutrient uptake optimally. The physical properties of what is important is the media must be lightweight, loose and have a pretty good aeration.
While the chemical properties is a neutral medium acidity with a pH of 5.52-6.7, has Eectric Conductivity (EC) is low so no worries toxicity of certain elements. The material used is coconut husk powder (cocopeat) and rice husk. Peat has a high water holding capacity, and the particles are much smaller forming clots to form cavities of air. To reduce this cavity should be added to other materials that can fill such as coconut coir dust and rice husk fuel. Cocopeat have good water holding capacity and inter-particle does not form clumps that can be used to fill the cavity. Composition good medium for potted chrysanthemum is a mixture of peat (peat), cocopeat and rice husk with the volume ratio 4:4:1.
Seeds. High seeds for chrysanthemum pots should not be more than 5 cm. seed germination was too high causes a less compact, shoots formed far apart so that the bottom of the plant becomes less dense.
The number of seedlings planted in a pot can vary. For size 14 -15 cm pots can be planted 5-6 seeds. To determine the number of seedlings planted in a pot should also consider the productivity of the species planted shoots. For the type who only spend a little bud, it takes quite a lot of seeds, so that rather lush potted plants.
How fast planting one seed planted in the middle pot with an upright position, then other seedlings planted section with the edge of the pot out of position slightly inclined to shoot the dihasikan spread out so that the potted plants look bigger and lush. Here is a picture of potted chrysanthemum seed placement.
Watering. Watering potted plants can be done by hand or using a tool of the irrigation system. Some considerations in determining the consideration is the frequency of watering, water quality, watering is not subject to the leaves, watering done at once with fertilizer. To meet the requirements of a good watering, there are several ways that can be done so that the result of more efficient watering:
Soak system. Watering with a soak some pots in the water as high as 5-10 cm, for a few minutes, the capillary water and fertilizer move from the bottom of the pot to the surface of the media, these systems rely on the media to water capillary power that will propagate from bottom to top. In the coloring phase (last phase of the development of potted chrysanthemum plants, while the color of flowers began to appear), the plant should be moved to a special place and irrigation systems typically use a soak system for easy harvesting.
Drip system. With the drip system (drip irrigation) of each pot is connected with a hose that has a needle to regulate the release of water and as the road drops of water to the media. By using a drip system, fertilizing can be inserted into the irrigation equipment. Fertilizer used should be easily soluble in water for drip holes are not easily clogged and fertilizer more easily absorbed by plants. Usually the short day phase chrysanthemum pots and moved to another place using a system of drip irrigation system.
Length of Day settings.
Chrysanthemum pots have the same physiology with chrysanthemum cut, which has a response to fotoperiodisasi. Radiation are appropriate for the climate of Indonesia 14-16 hours a day, so that at least tropical chrysanthemum plants need extra light for two hours with a minimum of 40 lux of light intensity when using fluorescent lamps and 70 lux when using incandescent lamps. Giving light made since the beginning of planting until the lateral shoots that come out of the armpit leaves, grows 2-3 cm long. When the buds that came out was enough, then the plant will enter a short phase of day. In order flowers blooming simultaneously, there are potted chrysanthemum growers who do the blackout at night which closed the plant with black plastic or black fabric such that the light from outside was not about the plant.
Giving Substance growth regulator (PGR). Plant growth regulator used to regulate the growth of plants: stimulate plant growth or suppress plant growth. In chrysanthemum pots, giving ZPT seek to stimulate the growth of shoots and leaves of plants forming a potted plant in a compact, dense and beautiful. One of the plant growth regulator used to speed up germination is Hobsanol. Hobsanol spraying is done after pinching and a week after the first application. To suppress the growth of potted chrysanthemum for not too high then used Alar or cultar.
Pest and Disease Control The quality of potted chrysanthemum is largely determined by the health of plants, so plant maintenance ranging from planting until ready to be marketed must be done carefully. To obtain the excellent quality of potted plants, the control of pests and diseases should be done intensively. As for pests and plant diseases which attack many pots of chrysanthemum is the same piece of chrysanthemum leafminer, thrips, aphids, caterpillars, and white rust.
Harvest and Post Harvest. Harvesting potted chrysanthemum plants must be done together with the medium. Several factors are to be potted plant quality criteria are as follows.
1. Canopy. Plant stems are not too high, about 20-25 cm. Form canopy grows to the side pot, so that when viewed from the top, the plant has more than 20 cm diameter; the wider diameter canopy with a strong trunk, the better.
2. Leaves. Fresh green leaf color and leaf net of fertilizer and pesticide residues. Normal leaf shape and no defects, free from pest attack. The leaves grow in abundance so it looks lush.
3. Flowers. Flower colors are bright and not faded. All the flowers in a pot grow normally and pest free. Flowers bloom in unison, compact, and high interest rate.
After the chrysanthemum pots selected to meet the criteria, then immediately put into plastic bags for flowers and branches are not broken during the transportation. Before the plants put into plastic pots and packed into cardboard boxes, planting media should be in moist and the pot is clean.
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