Chrysanthemum including Asteraceae family which is the shrubs, annuals.Planting chrysanthemum cut flowers that have a high sales value, much in demand because the market is highly competitive potential and bright prospects. The standard type chrysanthemum and chrysanthemum type spray. The standard type is in vogue is the kind of fiji yellow, white, dark and orange, red jaguar standard type chrysanthemum, purple, standard ping pong, whereas revert, shenna select, Minka, repertoire is a standard type chrysanthemum form of needles, etc.. While the spray-type chrysanthemum, among others remix red, hawaian, bru reggi, speedy euro, monalisa, sunny & puma euro (form buttons) and type spray asters form reagon including salmon, red aisha, Reagan White, kermit, color stroika with a very diverse like, yellow, white, green, red, orange, purple, and pink.
Opportunities to develop the cultivation of chrysanthemum cut to meet the market needs both in and outside the country will remain wide open as the demand for cut flower chrysanthemum growing.
Particularly chrysanthemums it's good to understand very well about the introduction of chrysanthemum plants belonging to this because its maintenance tricky to watch out for them as for chrysanthemum is: grow well at altitude 700 - 1200 m above sea level, air temperature for growth ( afternoon: 20-28 ° C and night: 15-20 ° C), air humidity during the early 90 -95% growth, and after planting, the soil acidity of pH 6.2 to 6.7 and EC o, * mS / cm - 1mS / cm.
Yet despite the chrysanthemum plants need adequate water, but not resistant to exposure to rain. Planting is done in house building plastic, while for the light before flowering flowering requires 70-80%, short-day plants (vegetative period require a period of long nights (> 14.5 hours) / flowering when irradiation <11 hours). For optimum production needs to be given an additional 3-4 hours of artificial light at night from 3.5 to 4.5 mg of TL lamps and incandescent lamps.
PRODUCTION FACILITIES
* Houses shade (green house).
* Subsystem artificial lighting.
* Subsystem irrigation.
* A good seed crop.
* Support equipment & plant protection.
* Means of Transportation
* Means Grading & Packing
* Storage Facility Rates (Cooling)
HOUSE shade (GREEN HOUSE)
* The structure is made of iron, wood, bamboo or a combination.
* The width of 6.4 m and a length of multiples of multiples of 3.7 m or 3.9 m ideal maximum of 60 m.
* Roof: Plastic UV 200 micron (with UV retardant content of 6-12%).
* Wall: Tunnel: Plastic
Subsystem LIGHTING MADE
* Incandescent lamps with reflector.
* Installation of 100 watts per 5 square meters.
* The intensity minimum at the growing point was 70 lux (measured with a lux-meter).
* The pattern is continuous or cyclic lighting system.
* The pattern of cyclic lighting lighting: (9 'ON 18' OFF)
Subsystem IRRIGATION
* Overhead irrigation (watering from above). Advantages: more equitable distribution of water. The disadvantage: when the plants are large and difficult weeks to wet the soil to high RH can reply inviting disease.
- Awarded the plants are still small (4-5 MST), during leaf not cover each other.
- Week I every morning.
* Drip irrigation.
Advantages: do not wet the leaves / flowers.
Disadvantages: less equitable distribution.
- Given the plant after the leaves overlap
- Giving every 2-3 days.
- Checking the results of direct watering by checking the depth of wet soil
SEED
* Seeds derived from a healthy parent plants.
* Criteria for good seed: uniform, hygienic and free from pest
- Healthy, free of pests and plant diseases
- Bervigour good
- Has its roots evenly and compact
- Number of leaves 4-5 green leaves and
- The parent of origin are not mixed
CULTIVATION
* Preparation of land: improved soil structure, sterilization, addition of organic materials, basic fertilization
* PH 5.8 to 6.5.
* Planting: density 64 tan./m2 (rainy season) and 72-80 tan./m2 (dry).
* Treatment day long: for 4-5 weeks after planting.
* Maintenance: Watering, Fertilizing, Peyiangan, Installation Support, raise the net, giving ZPT, Disbudding, Giving "cup", Control of pests
Land Preparation
* Check the pH
* When checking the soil pH is low:
- Lime: 100 -200 kg / 500 m2
- Who wants to achieve a pH range of 5.8 to 6.5.
* Addition of Organic Materials by:
- Manure: 6-8 m3 / 500m2
- Coconut Fiber: 70 - 100 bags (7 m3) / 500m2
- Rice Husk: 70 - 100 bags (7 m3) / 500 m2
- Lime: 100 -200 kg / 500 m2
- Bagas cane (bagasse)
- Green manure
* Processing of land (rotary)
* The process of sterilization with the same chemicals as in the Preparation of Land for Crop Up
* Install drip irrigation
* Attach the net
* Lift the soil between beds / bed elevated
* Rapihkan beds, drip irrigation & springkle Cheque / irrigation bulk
Cultivation
* Flush wet before planting
* Planting density tan./m2 64 (rainy season) and 72-80 tan./m2 (dry).
* Installation of a sign pattern & varieties
* Selection of seedlings in the Nursery: Only the chrysanthemum seedlings are bervigour good, well rooted, free of pests and diseases (HPT) is selected.
* When planting is done when the weather is not hot or afternoon
MAINTENANCE
Sprinkling
* Immediately after planting, watering with overhead irrigation or yells
* Week I: every morning drenched in a way as above
* II and next Sunday: watered 2-3 days once in a way overhead during leaf not cover each other.
* When the leaves are each covered with a drip irrigation watering done
Opportunities to develop the cultivation of chrysanthemum cut to meet the market needs both in and outside the country will remain wide open as the demand for cut flower chrysanthemum growing.
Particularly chrysanthemums it's good to understand very well about the introduction of chrysanthemum plants belonging to this because its maintenance tricky to watch out for them as for chrysanthemum is: grow well at altitude 700 - 1200 m above sea level, air temperature for growth ( afternoon: 20-28 ° C and night: 15-20 ° C), air humidity during the early 90 -95% growth, and after planting, the soil acidity of pH 6.2 to 6.7 and EC o, * mS / cm - 1mS / cm.
Yet despite the chrysanthemum plants need adequate water, but not resistant to exposure to rain. Planting is done in house building plastic, while for the light before flowering flowering requires 70-80%, short-day plants (vegetative period require a period of long nights (> 14.5 hours) / flowering when irradiation <11 hours). For optimum production needs to be given an additional 3-4 hours of artificial light at night from 3.5 to 4.5 mg of TL lamps and incandescent lamps.
PRODUCTION FACILITIES
* Houses shade (green house).
* Subsystem artificial lighting.
* Subsystem irrigation.
* A good seed crop.
* Support equipment & plant protection.
* Means of Transportation
* Means Grading & Packing
* Storage Facility Rates (Cooling)
HOUSE shade (GREEN HOUSE)
* The structure is made of iron, wood, bamboo or a combination.
* The width of 6.4 m and a length of multiples of multiples of 3.7 m or 3.9 m ideal maximum of 60 m.
* Roof: Plastic UV 200 micron (with UV retardant content of 6-12%).
* Wall: Tunnel: Plastic
Subsystem LIGHTING MADE
* Incandescent lamps with reflector.
* Installation of 100 watts per 5 square meters.
* The intensity minimum at the growing point was 70 lux (measured with a lux-meter).
* The pattern is continuous or cyclic lighting system.
* The pattern of cyclic lighting lighting: (9 'ON 18' OFF)
Subsystem IRRIGATION
* Overhead irrigation (watering from above). Advantages: more equitable distribution of water. The disadvantage: when the plants are large and difficult weeks to wet the soil to high RH can reply inviting disease.
- Awarded the plants are still small (4-5 MST), during leaf not cover each other.
- Week I every morning.
* Drip irrigation.
Advantages: do not wet the leaves / flowers.
Disadvantages: less equitable distribution.
- Given the plant after the leaves overlap
- Giving every 2-3 days.
- Checking the results of direct watering by checking the depth of wet soil
SEED
* Seeds derived from a healthy parent plants.
* Criteria for good seed: uniform, hygienic and free from pest
- Healthy, free of pests and plant diseases
- Bervigour good
- Has its roots evenly and compact
- Number of leaves 4-5 green leaves and
- The parent of origin are not mixed
CULTIVATION
* Preparation of land: improved soil structure, sterilization, addition of organic materials, basic fertilization
* PH 5.8 to 6.5.
* Planting: density 64 tan./m2 (rainy season) and 72-80 tan./m2 (dry).
* Treatment day long: for 4-5 weeks after planting.
* Maintenance: Watering, Fertilizing, Peyiangan, Installation Support, raise the net, giving ZPT, Disbudding, Giving "cup", Control of pests
Land Preparation
* Check the pH
* When checking the soil pH is low:
- Lime: 100 -200 kg / 500 m2
- Who wants to achieve a pH range of 5.8 to 6.5.
* Addition of Organic Materials by:
- Manure: 6-8 m3 / 500m2
- Coconut Fiber: 70 - 100 bags (7 m3) / 500m2
- Rice Husk: 70 - 100 bags (7 m3) / 500 m2
- Lime: 100 -200 kg / 500 m2
- Bagas cane (bagasse)
- Green manure
* Processing of land (rotary)
* The process of sterilization with the same chemicals as in the Preparation of Land for Crop Up
* Install drip irrigation
* Attach the net
* Lift the soil between beds / bed elevated
* Rapihkan beds, drip irrigation & springkle Cheque / irrigation bulk
Cultivation
* Flush wet before planting
* Planting density tan./m2 64 (rainy season) and 72-80 tan./m2 (dry).
* Installation of a sign pattern & varieties
* Selection of seedlings in the Nursery: Only the chrysanthemum seedlings are bervigour good, well rooted, free of pests and diseases (HPT) is selected.
* When planting is done when the weather is not hot or afternoon
MAINTENANCE
Sprinkling
* Immediately after planting, watering with overhead irrigation or yells
* Week I: every morning drenched in a way as above
* II and next Sunday: watered 2-3 days once in a way overhead during leaf not cover each other.
* When the leaves are each covered with a drip irrigation watering done
ADDITIONAL irradiation:
* Additional irradiation to the type of spray 4 weeks, and the standard type 5 weeks.
* The irradiation given immediately after planting for 4 hours in cyclic at night from 22.00 until 02.00.
Fertilization:
* Fertilization
- The pattern of EC. EC of water & fertilizer = 1
- Pattern ppm
* Fertilization vegetative phase: (1200 ltr water/500m2)
- CaNO3: 1130 grams
- KNO3: 1620 grams
- MgSO4: 470 grams
* Fertilization generative phase: (1200 ltr water/500m2)
* Fertilization beginning about age 7 MST:
- CaNO3: 940 grams
- KNO3: 1790 grams
- KH2PO4: 450 grams
- Urea: 190 grams
* Fertilization was discontinued after the first flower show of color and given only water.
REGULATORY PROVISION OF GROWTH HORMONE (ZPT)
* Giving the hormone ZPT (Alar) administered 2 times during planting: the age of 7.9 weeks after planting.
DISBUDDING:
* Disposal of the first flower bud (for flower type spray) and the exhaust side flowers (for standard type).
For more detail, you can see in my other article
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