Arrowroot with certainty the origin is unknown but is thought to native species in Central America and northern South America, western Ecuador and in Guyana some pasture land. Currently, these types can be found in places of cultivation throughout the tropics, but only considered important in Western India. In Southeast Asia, the farmed species in almost all places, especially as agricultural crops in home gardens.
Habitat
Maranta arundinacea wild form grows mainly in tropical forests or semi-molt molt near the marsh that is temporary and creeks, though sometimes also grows in dry pine forest. These types grow best under hot, wet conditions, at a temperature of 25-30 ° C and require rainfall annual average 1500-2000 mm or more, but with 1-2 dry months. Maranta intolerant of shade up to 50% shade without reducing production, and still live in conditions of flooded soils and saturated soils, but does not produce rhizomes in the soil. Prefers lowland conditions, but can be cultured until at an altitude of 1000 m above sea level. Maranta can grow on a variety of tipre soil, but thrive in paddy soil, open soil, sandy clay with a pH of 5-8.
Propagation
Maranta vegetatively propagated from tip rimpangnya a length of approximately 2-4 segments and not too thin, it takes approximately 3 tons to be planted on the land area of 1 ha. While the propagation by seed is rarely dilakukan.Tidak special soil preparation is required other than land that has been hijacked and regular hoeing. The tip of rhizome planted at a depth of 5-7.5 cm and the distance is approximately 30 cm, preferably starting at the beginning of the rainy season. The tip of rhizomes can be stored for several months before planting in the field. Shoots of 30 cm can be used, but must be planted immediately after the cut. Planting distance depends on the model of agriculture, for example when planted mixed between seasonal crop row spacing is wider and closer plant spacing (eg 75 cm 15-20 cm) square planting pattern (20-50 cm) is more necessary in a single farm handling of problem weeds and poor soil conditions. Because arrowroot excellent tolerate shade, so these types can grow well under the agricultural annual tree species such as coconut, fruit trees.
Maranta vegetatively propagated from tip rimpangnya a length of approximately 2-4 segments and not too thin, it takes approximately 3 tons to be planted on the land area of 1 ha. While the propagation by seed is rarely dilakukan.Tidak special soil preparation is required other than land that has been hijacked and regular hoeing. The tip of rhizome planted at a depth of 5-7.5 cm and the distance is approximately 30 cm, preferably starting at the beginning of the rainy season. The tip of rhizomes can be stored for several months before planting in the field. Shoots of 30 cm can be used, but must be planted immediately after the cut. Planting distance depends on the model of agriculture, for example when planted mixed between seasonal crop row spacing is wider and closer plant spacing (eg 75 cm 15-20 cm) square planting pattern (20-50 cm) is more necessary in a single farm handling of problem weeds and poor soil conditions. Because arrowroot excellent tolerate shade, so these types can grow well under the agricultural annual tree species such as coconut, fruit trees.
Useful
Maranta mainly cultivated for its starch-value order and can be extracted. Starch digestion can be carried tools and often used as pengenyal variety of foods, seasonings, soup, confectionery, cuisine and desserts like pudding and ice cream. In industry, pulp produced from the rhizome is used in paper mills, cardboard, pillows and wall board and starch as raw material powder, glue and soap. All parts have fibrous roots that can be eaten with steamed or baked way first. In the field of pharmaceuticals, pulp from the fresh rhizome is used as an ointment and the wound fester; starch mixed with water or milk is used to treat stomach problems (eg treating poisoning), and diarrhea, or to make foods that are easy to digest for people with stomach problems or intestinal problems. Rhizome also a good substitute for corn in the mixture ratio; former extracts after starch fibers can be used as animal feed and fertilizer. Arrowroot cultivars with interesting leaf color (eg dark red-purple), also known as an ornamental plant. The leaves are also used for wrapping.
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